ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the age related increases and characteristics of static stance balance and control strategies of 3-6 years old preschool children,and to provide a reference for the research of children s physique and the practice of physical education.@*Methods@#Using a 2×2×3 (proprioceptive×visual×age) three factor experimental design, standing balance was tested among 105 preschool children aged 3-6 years who were subjected to static for 15 s under four standing postures from January to March 2018. Quantitatively examine the static stance balance ability based on changes in the center of pressure (COP), and quantitatively examine the posture control strategy based on COP frequency domain analysis and nonlinear analysis.@*Results@#Among children aged 3-, 4- and 5-6 years old under the condition of open eyes / hard ground AP_ MV and ML_ MV were 18.05, 16.00, 13.40; 13.55, 11.03, 10.12 mm/s respectively; Under the condition of closed eyes/hard ground, children in three age groupsAP_ MV and ML_ MV were 21.01, 19.60, 15.10; 12.20, 10.20, 10.00 mm/s respectively among three age groups of children. The results showed that the sloshing amplitude and average sloshing velocity decrease significantly with age( P <0.01). Under the conditions of open/hard ground and closed/hard ground, the high frequency band in the left-right direction and the low frequency band in the anterior posterior direction increased significantly with age ( P <0.01). Under the condition of open eyes/hard ground, three age groups of AP_ MF and AP_ HF among three age groups of children were 29.00, 28.61, 27.20； 7.45, 7.44 6.01, respectively, indicating that the middle and high frequency bands ( P <0.01) in the anterior posterior direction decreased significantly with age. ML_FD of children aged 3-, 4- and 5-6 years old under the condition of open eyes / hard ground and closed eyes / hard ground was 1.43, 1.44, 1.52; 1.49, 1.48, 1.56/mm, AP_ FD was 1.58, 1.56, 1.52; 1.56, 1.63, 1.61; AP_MSE was 6.81, 6.90, 5.61 ; 7.25 , 7.41,6.60，respectively. The results show that the fractal dimension in the left right direction increases significantly with age, while the fractal dimension and multi scale entropy in the front back direction decrease significantly( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#The static stance balance ability of 3-6 years old preschool children shows non linear changes with age,the static posture balance ability of 5-6 years old preschool children is significantly better than that of 3-5 years old , and the balance control strategies of 5-6 years old preschool children is different from that of 3-5 years old.